Art in Theory 1900-1990

Contents

I. The Legacy of Symbolism
		Introduction		13
	Ia. Classicism and Originality
1.	Téodor de Wyzewa	'Wagnerian Painting'	1895	17
2.	Paul Signac	from Eugene Delacroix to Neo- Impressionism	1899	20
3.	Paul Gauguin	Letter to Fontainas	1899	23
4.	Sigmund Freud	from 'On Dreams'	1901	26
5.	Otto Weininger	from Sex and Character	1903	34
6.	Paul Cézanne	Letters to Emile Bernard	1904-6	37
7.	Maurice Denis (intro. Roger Fry)	'Cézanne'	1907	40
8.	Maurice Denis	'From Gauguin and van Gogh to Neo-Classicism'	1909	47
9.	Julius Meier-Graefe	'The Mediums of Art, Past and Present'	1904	53
10.	Giorgio de Chirico	'Mystery and Creation'	1913	60
	Ib. Expression and the Primitive
1.	August Endell	'The Beauty of Form and Decorative Art'	1897-8	62
2.	André Derain	Letters to Vlaminck	c. 1905-9	65
3.	Ernst Ludwig Kirchner	Programme of the Brücke	1906	67
4.	Wilhelm Worringer	from Abstraction and Empathy	1908	68
5.	Henri Matisse	'Notes of a Painter'	1908	72
6.	Roger Fry	'An Essay in Aesthetics'	1909	78
7.	Wassily Kandinsky	from Concerning the Spiritual in Art	1911	86
8.	Wassily Kandinsky	The Cologne Lecture	1914	94
9.	Franz Marc	The "Savages" of Germany' and 'Two Pictures'	1912	98
10.	August Macke	'Masks'	1912	100
11.	Emil Nolde	'On Primitive Art'	1912	101
12.	Oskar Kokoschka	'On the Nature of Visions'	1912	102
13.	Alexander Shevchenko	'Neo-Primitivism'	1913	104
14.	Benedetto Croce	'What Is Art?'	1913	108
15.	Give Bell	'The Aesthetic Hypothesis'	1914	113
16.	Hermann Bahr	from Expressionism	1916	116
II. The Idea of the Modern World
		Introduction		125
	IIa. Modernity
1.	Georg Simmel	'The Metropolis and Mental Life'	1902-3	130
2.	Max Weber	'Asceticism and the Spirit of Capitalism'	1904-5	135
3.	Vladimir Ilyich Lenin	'Party Organization and Party Literature'	1905	136
4.	Henri Bergson	from Creative Evolution	1907	140
5.	Alexander Blok	'Nature and Culture'	1908	143
6.	Filippo Tommaso Marinetti	'The Foundation and Manifesto of Futurism'	1909	145
7.	Umberto Boccioni et al.	'Futurist Painting: Technical Manifesto'	1910	149
8.	Robert Delaunay	'On the Construction of Reality in Pure Painting'	1912	152
9.	Percy Wyndham Lewis	'Our Vortex'	1914	154
10.	Franz Marc	'Foreword'	1914	156
11.	Fernand Leger	'Contemporary Achievements in Painting'	1914	157
12.	Henri Gaudier-Brzeska	'Gaudier-Brzeska Vortex' 1914, and 'Vortex Gaudier-Brzeska'	1915	160
13.	Karl Kraus	from 'In These Great Times'	1914	163
14.	Kasimir Malevich	From Cubism and Futurism to Suprematism: The New Realism in Painting	1915-16	166
	IIb. Cubism
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III. Rationalization and Transformation
		Introduction		217
	IIIa. Neo-Classicism and the Call to Order
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	IIIb. Dissent and Disorder
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	IIIc. Abstraction and Form
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	IIId. Utility and Construction
1.	KOMFUT	'Programme Declaration'	1919	308
2.	Vladimir Tatlin	'The Initiative Individual in the Collective'	1919	309
3.	Lyubov Popova	Catalogue Statement	1919	310
4.	Nikolai Punin	'The Monument to the Third International'	1920	311
5.	Alexander Rodchenko	'Slogans' and 'Organizational Programme'	1920-21	315
6.	Alexander Rodchenko and Varvara Stepanova	'Programme of the First Working Group of Constructivists'	1922	317
7.	Alexei Gan	from Constructivism	1922	318
8.	El Lissitsky and Ilya Ehrenberg	Statement by the Editors of Veshch	1922	320
9.	LEF editorial	Whom is LEF Alerting? 1	1923	321
10.	Osip Brik	'The So-called "Formal Method"'	1923	323
11.	Osip Brik	'From Picture to Calico-Print'	1924	324
12.	Vladimir Tatlin	'Report of the Section for Material Culture's Research Work'	1924	328
IV. Freedom, Responsibility and Power
		Introduction		333
	IVa. The Modern as Ideal
1.	Walter Gropius	'The Theory and Organization of the Bauhaus'	1923	338
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	IVb. Realism as Figuration
1.	Vladimir Ilyich Lenin	'On Proletarian Culture'	1920	383
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	IVc. Realism as Critique
1.	Leon Trotsky	from Literature and Revolution	1922-3	427
2.	André Breton	from the First Manifesto of Surrealism	1924	432
3.	Louis Aragon et al.	'Declaration of the Bureau de Recherches Surréalistes'	1925	439
4.	André Breton	Surrealism and Painting	1928	440
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18.	Fernand Léger	'The New Realism Goes On'	1936	493
	IVd. Modernism as Critique
1.	Kasimir Malevich	Letter to Meyerhold	1932	497
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11.	Harold Rosenberg	'The Fall of Paris'	1940	541
V. The Individual and the Social
		Introduction		549
	Va. The American Avant-Garde
1.	Clement Greenberg	'Towards a Newer Laocoon'	1940	554
2.	Jackson Pollock	Answers to a Questionnaire	1944	560
3.	Adolph Gottlieb and Mark Rothko with Barnett Newman	Statement	1943	561
4.	Mark Rothko	'The Romantics were Prompted . . . '	1947	563
5.	Adolph Gottlieb	Statement	1947	564
6.	Mark Rothko	Statement	1947	565
7.	Barnett Newman	'The Ideographic Picture'	1947	565
8.	Barnett Newman	'The First Man Was an Artist'	1947	566
9.	Clement Greenberg	'The Decline of Cubism'	1948	569
10.	Barnett Newman	'The Sublime Is Now'	1948	572
11.	Jackson Pollock	Interview with William Wright	1950	574
12.	David Smith	'Aesthetics, the Artist and the Audience'	1952	578
13.	Clyfford Still	Statement	1952	580
14.	Harold Rosenberg	from 'The American Action Painters'	1952	581
15.	Clyfford Still	Letter to Gordon Smith	1959	584
	Vb. Individualism in Europe
1.	Jean-Paul Sartre	from Existentialism and Humanism	1946	587
2.	Jean Dubuffet	'Notes for the Well-Lettered'	1946	590
3.	Jean Dubuffet	'Crude Art Preferred to Cultural Art'	1948	593
4.	Antonin Artaud	from Van Gogh: the Man Suicided by Society	1947	595
5.	Jean-Paul Sartre	'The Search for the Absolute'	1948	599
6.	Samuel Beckett and Georges Duthuit	from Three Dialogues	1949	605
7.	Jacques Lacan	'The Mirror-Phase as Formative of the Function of the I'	1949	609
8.	Jean-Michel Atlan	'Abstraction and Adventure in Contemporary Art'	1950	613
9.	Francis Ponge	'Reflections on the Statuettes, Figures and Paintings of Alberto Giacometti'	1951	614
10.	Albert Camus	'Creation and Revolution'	1951	615
11.	Michel Tapié	from An Other Art	1952	619
12.	Georg Baselitz	'Pandemonium Manifestos 1	1961-2	621
13.	Francis Bacon	Interview with David Sylvester	1962-3	625